Language tests explained: which one do you need?

Language tests are often required twice: once by your university or employer, and once by the immigration authority. The two may accept different tests or different versions of the same test.

The most widely known English tests

• IELTS (Academic and General Training versions)
• TOEFL iBT
• PTE Academic
• Duolingo English Test, accepted by many universities, though not necessarily for visa purposes
• Cambridge English qualifications

For other languages, examples include the TCF/TEF for French and Goethe-Zertifikat or TestDaF for German.

How to find out which test you need

1. Check the university or employer first. Their admissions page lists accepted tests and minimum scores.
2. Then check the visa rules. Some immigration authorities only accept specific, approved tests taken at approved centres. For example, the UK publishes a list of Secure English Language Tests (SELT).
3. Check validity. Test results usually remain valid for a limited period. Make sure yours will still be valid when you apply.

Preparing well

Use the official practice materials published by each test provider, take at least one full timed practice test, and book early: popular test dates fill up quickly.

Don’t book a test until you have confirmed it is accepted for both your admission and your visa.